A Monumental Inscription in Eastern Turkey
In the rugged landscape of eastern Turkey, an ancient marvel stands etched into the slopes of Van Castle. This colossal inscription, dating back to the reign of King Xerxes I of Persia (516-465 BC), spans an impressive 49 feet in width and reaches heights of up to 82 feet. Written in Old Persian, Elamite, and Akkadian, it tells the tale of an ambitious ruler and his grand vision for his empire.
The Grand Canal System: A Testament to Persian Engineering
The inscription reveals King Xerxes’ ambitious project: a vast canal system designed to revolutionize agriculture and improve connectivity across the Persian Empire. This monumental undertaking not only showcases the technological prowess of the ancient Persians but also offers valuable insights into the social and political dynamics of Mesopotamia during that era.
Van Castle: Sentinel of an Ancient Kingdom
From Urartian Stronghold to Persian Monument
Van Castle itself is a testament to the rich history of the region. Built between 840 and 825 BC by Sarduri, son of Lutipri, this imposing fortress once overlooked the ancient capital of Tuspa. Stretching 1800 meters in length, 120 meters in width, and standing 80 meters tall, it served as a symbol of power and control over the surrounding lands.
Xerxes’ Inscription: A Father’s Legacy Completed
Near the castle, Xerxes’ trilingual inscription stands 20 meters above ground, carved into a niche prepared by his father, King Darius. This remarkable artifact, preserved for over two millennia, proudly proclaims Xerxes’ divine right to rule and the extent of his vast empire.
Unlocking Ancient Secrets
The Burnouf Breakthrough
The discovery and decipherment of this inscription in 1836 by Eugène Burnouf marked a significant milestone in understanding ancient Persian language and culture. Burnouf’s work in identifying an alphabet of thirty letters from the inscription played a crucial role in deciphering Old Persian cuneiform, opening a window into the region’s historical dialogue.
Today, Van Castle and its ancient inscriptions stand as silent witnesses to the ambitions, achievements, and enduring legacy of civilizations long past. As the sun sets over Lake Van, these ruins continue to whisper tales of power, legacy, and the eternal human quest for understanding.
