Ancient Art Beneath Modern Streets
In a remarkable blend of past and present, an ancient Roman mosaic discovered in 1988 is finally seeing the light of day in Colchester, England’s oldest recorded town. The artifact, which lay hidden beneath a shopping mall pavement for over three decades, is now being carefully unearthed and prepared for public display.
A Journey Through Time
From Discovery to Display
What makes this story particularly intriguing is the mosaic’s unusual journey. When construction crews first stumbled upon it while building a shopping mall in 1988, limited funding meant the discovery had to be documented and carefully reburied. For 35 years, shoppers walked unknowingly above this piece of Roman history, with the ancient artwork quietly waiting beside what would later become a vape shop.
The Excavation Project
As of March 2024, archaeologists have begun the delicate process of revealing the mosaic, having uncovered approximately one-fifth of its total size. The excavation has already yielded exciting results, including previously undiscovered sections. Plans are in place to complete the project by late summer 2024, when the mosaic will be permanently displayed beneath protective glass in Red Lion Yard.
Colchester’s Rich Roman Heritage
A City of Mosaics
According to Philip Crummy, director of Colchester Archaeological Trust, this discovery adds to an impressive collection. “Over 40 mosaics have been recorded over the past two centuries in Colchester,” he notes, suggesting that the city possesses more Roman mosaics than any other British town.
Britain’s First Roman Capital
Located 60 miles northeast of London, Colchester’s significance in Roman Britain cannot be overstated. As the first Roman capital of England, the city boasts an extraordinary collection of Roman architecture, including:
- The Balkerne Gate: Britain’s largest surviving Roman gateway, featuring impressive architectural details and a dark history, with evidence of public executions discovered in nearby ditches
- Britain’s earliest and best-preserved Roman town walls, stretching 2,800 meters with sections still standing over 6 meters high
- An extensive network of defensive structures, including multiple gates, towers, and sophisticated drainage systems
Military Foundations
The city’s Roman history began as Camulodunum, a strategic military stronghold housing Britain’s first permanent legionary fortress. This massive complex included specialized facilities like timber-lined basements, extensive road networks, and barracks capable of housing centuries of soldiers. Archaeological discoveries have unearthed numerous military artifacts, including swords, armor, and harness fittings, painting a vivid picture of Roman military life.
A Living Monument
The ongoing mosaic project represents more than just an archaeological discovery; it symbolizes Colchester’s commitment to preserving and showcasing its unique heritage. As David King, leader of Colchester City Council, aptly puts it, “It is glorious to see our rich history unveiled again.” This latest addition to Colchester’s visible Roman heritage promises to enhance public understanding and appreciation of Britain’s oldest recorded town.
